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1.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 41(2): 52-60, jun. 2021. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1254374

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el Índice de Movilidad de De Morton® (en inglés De Morton Mobility Index: DEMMI®) es una escala, válida y fiable para evaluar la movilidad funcional del adulto mayor. Objetivo: validar una versión en español para pacientes hospitalizados en una sala general. Material y métodos: traducción y adaptación transcultural, evaluación de la fiabilidad interobservador y validación de criterio explorando la correlación entre los índices DEMMI y Barthel® al ingreso hospitalario y también entre la percepción subjetiva del cambio en la movilidad por parte del propio paciente y la del puntaje DEMMI, y además evaluando la asociación entre este y el grado de acompañamiento requerido en el egreso hospitalario (n = 87). Su consistencia interna fue evaluada mediante los coeficientes de Kuder y Richardson (KR) y de Cronbach (n = 104). Resultados: la correlación entre los puntajes DEMMI y Barthel fue buena (Spearman's Rho = 0,78: p ≤ 0,0001), mientras que la correlación entre la percepción del paciente respecto del cambio en su movilidad y la variación en el puntaje DEMMI fue moderada (Spearman's Rho = 0,50; p < 0,0001). Quienes fueron dados de alta con alto nivel de acompañamiento habían tenido al ingreso un puntaje DEMMI inferior (28,1; IC 95%, 24,9 a 31,3) al de quienes no lo requirieron (48; 44,4 a 53,0). La consistencia interna fue adecuada (KR = 0,827 y Cronbach = 0,745; Pearson's Rho = 0,7885; p < 0,00001). Conclusión: la consistencia interna y la fiabilidad interobservador de la versión en español del puntaje DEMMI son buenas, mientras que sus cambios tienen buena correlación con los percibidos por los propios pacientes. Consideramos que puede ser usado como un elemento más para estimar al momento del ingreso hospitalario, el grado de acompañamiento que requerirán al ser dados de alta. (AU)


Introduction: the De Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI) is a valid and reliable scale to evaluate the functional mobility of the elderly. Aim: validate a Spanish version for hospitalized patients in a general ward. Material and methods: translation and cross-cultural adaptation, evaluation of inter-observer reliability and criterion validation exploring the correlation between DEMMI and Barthel scores at hospital admission and also between the subjective perception of the change in mobility by the patient himself and that of DEMMI score, and also, evaluating the association between DEMMI and the degree of support required at hospital discharge (n = 87). Its internal consistency was evaluated using Kuder-Richardson (KR) and Cronbach (n = 104) coefficients. Results: correlation between DEMMI and Barthel scores was good (Spearman's Rho = 0.78: p < = 0.0001), while correlation between patient's perception of change in mobility and variation in DEMMI score was moderate (Spearman's Rho = 0.50; p < 0.0001). Those discharged with a high level of support had a lower DEMMI score upon admission (28.1; 95% CI 24.9 to 31.3) than those who didn´t require it (48; 44.4 to 53.0). Internal consistency was adequate (KR = 0.827 and Cronbach = 0.745; Pearson's Rho = 0.7885; p < 0.00001). Conclusion: internal consistency and interobserver reliability of the Spanish version of DEMMI score are good, while its changes correlate well with those perceived by the patients themselves. We consider that it can be used as another element to estimate at hospital admission, the degree of support they will require upon discharge. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Patient Discharge , Translating , Activities of Daily Living , Frail Elderly , Mobility Limitation , Hospitalization
2.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 73(3): e20180355, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1092581

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the evolution of clinical indicators that characterize airway permeability in patients in the postoperative period of thoracoabdominal surgeries and to analyze their relationship with the occurrence of the diagnosis "ineffective airway clearance". Methods: descriptive, quantitative, longitudinal research with 60 patients who were followed for five consecutive days. Eleven indicators of the nursing outcome "respiratory status: airway permeability" were used. Results: on the first day of evaluation, the most compromised indicators were: respiratory rate, cough, depth of breath and use of accessory muscles. During follow-up, most of the indicators presented a slight deviation from normal variation and, in the last evaluation, there was a predominance of indicators with some degree of impairment. Conclusions: with the aid of the Nursing Outcomes Classification, it was observed that patients submitted to thoracoabdominal surgeries may present compromised airway permeability even days after surgery.


RESUMEN Objetivos: valorar la evolución de los indicadores clínicos que caracterizan la permeabilidad de las vías aéreas en pacientes en el posoperatorio de cirugías toracoabdominales y evaluar su relación con la ocurrencia del diagnóstico "desobstrucción ineficaz de las vías aéreas". Métodos: investigación descriptiva, cuantitativa, longitudinal en la cual participaron 60 pacientes que recibieron seguimiento por cinco días. Se utilizaron 11 indicadores del resultado de enfermería "estado respiratorio: permeabilidad de las vías aéreas". Resultados: en el primer día de evaluación, los indicadores más comprometidos fueron: frecuencia respiratoria, tos, profundidad de la respiración y utilización de músculos accesorios. Durante el seguimiento, se verificó que la mayor parte de los indicadores presentó una leve desviación de la variación normal y, en la última evaluación, hubo un predominio de indicadores con algún grado de comprometimiento. Conclusiones: con la ayuda de la Clasificación de los resultados de enfermería, se observó que los pacientes sometidos a cirugías toracoabdominales pueden presentar comprometimiento de la permeabilidad de las vías aéreas incluso después de algunos días de realizar el procedimiento quirúrgico.


RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a evolução dos indicadores clínicos que caracterizam a permeabilidade das vias aéreas em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgias toracoabdominais e analisar sua relação com a ocorrência do diagnóstico "desobstrução ineficaz das vias aéreas". Métodos: pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa, longitudinal realizada com 60 pacientes que foram acompanhados por cinco dias consecutivos. Foram utilizados 11 indicadores do resultado de enfermagem "estado respiratório: permeabilidade das vias aéreas". Resultados: no primeiro dia de avaliação os indicadores mais comprometidos foram: frequência respiratória, tosse, profundidade da respiração e uso de músculos acessórios. Durante o acompanhamento, verificou-se que a maior parte dos indicadores apresentou desvio leve da variação normal e, na última avaliação, houve predomínio de indicadores com algum grau de comprometimento. Conclusões: com auxílio da Classificação dos resultados de enfermagem, observou-se que pacientes submetidos a cirurgias toracoabdominais podem apresentar comprometimento da permeabilidade das vias aéreas mesmo após dias da realização do procedimento cirúrgico.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/nursing , Airway Management/nursing , Postoperative Period , Nursing Diagnosis , Longitudinal Studies , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Statistics, Nonparametric
3.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 32(5): 483-489, Sept-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040100

ABSTRACT

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation seems to be a promising option to intensify the rehabilitation and improve the exercise capacity of patients in the immediate postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean blood pressure) and respiratory (respiratory rate and oxygen saturation) responses to neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the immediate postoperative period in patients submitted to cardiac surgery and to verify its feasibility and safety. Methods: This is a pilot randomized controlled trial, wherein critical patients in the immediate postoperative period of cardiac surgery were randomly assigned to a control group, using sham neuromuscular electrical stimulation, or an experimental group, submitted to neuromuscular electrical stimulation sessions (FES), for 60 min, with a 50-Hz frequency, 200-µs pulse duration, time on: 3 s, and time off: 9 s. Data distribution was evaluated by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The analysis of variance was used and a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Thirty patients were included in the study. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation was applied within the first 23.13 ± 5.24 h after cardiac surgery, and no changes were found regarding the hemodynamic and respiratory variables between the patients who underwent neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and those in the control group. Conclusions: In the present study, neuromuscular electrical stimulation did not promote changes in hemodynamic and respiratory responses of patients in the immediate postoperative period of cardiac surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Period , Thoracic Surgery , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Cardiac Rehabilitation , Blood Pressure , Exercise , Oxygen Level/methods , Diagnosis of Health Situation , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Analysis of Variance , Randomized Controlled Trial , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Arterial Pressure , Heart Rate
5.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 34(2): 196-203, apr.-jun. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015966

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A mamoplastia redutora é ainda um procedimento que desafia o cirurgião plástico. O objetivo é demonstrar os resultados no tratamento de variados graus de hipertrofia e ptose mamária utilizando-se a técnica de Marcação Única, proposta por Pessoa, durante o treinamento de novos cirurgiões plásticos. Métodos: Coorte retrospectivo de 95 pacientes submetidas à mamoplastia redutora pela técnica de Pessoa. Incluídas pacientes com ptose, hipertrofia, gigantomastia e/ou assimetria das mamas. Os procedimentos foram realizados por residentes do primeiro, segundo e terceiro ano. Como fatores de exclusão foram usados: distúrbios psicológicos, obesidade mórbida e/ou pacientes com indicação de implante de prótese sem redução de pele e/ou aréola. Foram avaliados a idade, sexo, volume resultante, grau de satisfação, complicações e dificuldades dos residentes para realização do procedimento cirúrgico. Resultados: Todas as pacientes do sexo feminino, com idade entre 21 e 61 anos. 90,53% das pacientes declararam-se muito satisfeitas, 5,26% satisfeitas, 3,16% pouco satisfeitas e 1,05% insatisfeita. Como complicações, foram observadas necrose de complexo areolopapilar (1,05%), epidermólise (11,58%) e deiscência de sutura (9,47%). As dificuldades encontradas pelos residentes, dependendo da etapa do procedimento cirúrgico, variaram entre 11,1% e 55,6%. Conclusões: Verificou-se alto grau de satisfação tanto da parte das pacientes quanto dos residentes envolvidos. Os resultados encontrados confirmam a efetividade da técnica no treinamento de residentes.


Introduction: Reduction mastoplasty is still a challenging procedure for plastic surgeons. The Objective is to show the results of the treatment of different degrees of breast hypertrophy using Pessoa's single marking technique performed while training plastic surgeons. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 95 patients underwent reduction mastoplasty using Pessoa's technique. The cohort included patients with breast ptosis, hypertrophy, gigantomastia, and/ or breast asymmetry. The procedures were performed by first-, second-, and third-year residents. The exclusion criteria were psychological disorders, morbid obesity, and/or indication for prosthesis implantation without skin and/or areola reduction. The analyzed factors were age, sex, final size, patient's degree of satisfaction, complications, and difficulties experienced by the residents in performing the surgery. Results: All patients were women aged between 21 and 61 years. Of the patients, 90.53% reported being very satisfied; 5.26%, satisfied; 3.16%, poorly satisfied; and 1.05%, dissatisfied. The complications observed were necrosis of the nipple-areola complex (1.05%), epidermolysis (11.58%), and suture dehiscence (9.47%). The rate of difficulty experienced by the residents varied between 11.1% and 55.6%, depending on the step of the surgical procedure. Conclusions: A high degree of satisfaction was reported by both the patients and residents. The results confirm the effectiveness of the technique while training residents.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Breast/surgery , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Mammaplasty/adverse effects , Mammaplasty/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Body Contouring/adverse effects , Body Contouring/methods , Patient Satisfaction , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Esthetics
6.
Fisioter. Pesqui. (Online) ; 26(1): 101-109, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002011

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A paralisia cerebral é um grupo de desordens neurológicas causadora de inúmeros déficits, principalmente relacionados à função motora, comprometendo os movimentos e o seu controle seletivo. Dentre as diversas terapias disponíveis para tentar amenizar esse processo, o cicloergômetro aparece como um aparato estacionário que tem por finalidade facilitar a movimentação dos membros inferiores. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos do cicloergômetro na função motora grossa de crianças com paralisia cerebral através da escala Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66). Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, com inclusão de ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados até julho de 2017. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados: MEDLINE (PubMed), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), SciELO e Embase. Para a avaliação da qualidade metodológica das investigações foi utilizada a escala da Cochrane Handbook. Foram selecionados artigos que aplicaram o cicloergômetro em crianças com paralisia cerebral, comparadas a crianças com paralisia cerebral no grupo-controle ou em outra intervenção, e que avaliaram a função motora grossa com a GMFM. A revisão incluiu três artigos e um total de 127 pacientes. Os resultados mostraram um aumento nos valores da GMFM-66, porém não significativo estatisticamente nem relevantes para uma melhora clínica. Por meio desta revisão sistemática, verificou-se uma grande heterogeneidade nos estudos que abordam esta área e que, apesar do incremento de valores no grupo que realizou o cicloergômetro, não houve diferença estatística quando comparado ao grupo-controle, demonstrando não beneficiar a função motora grossa dessa população quando avaliada pela GMFM66.


RESUMEN La parálisis cerebral es un grupo de desórdenes neurológicos causantes de innumerables déficits, principalmente relacionados con la función motora, y que compromete los movimientos y su control selectivo. Entre las diversas terapias disponibles para intentar amenizar ese proceso, el cicloergómetro aparece como un aparato estacionario que tiene por finalidad facilitar el movimiento de los miembros inferiores. Por lo tanto, este estudio buscó analizar los efectos del cicloergómetro en la función motora gruesa de niños con parálisis cerebral por medio de la escala Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66). Se trata de una revisión sistemática, con la inclusión de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados publicados hasta julio de 2017. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos: MEDLINE (PubMed), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), SciELO y Embase. En la evaluación de la calidad metodológica de las investigaciones se utilizó la escala de Cochrane Handbook. Se seleccionaron los artículos que aplicaron el cicloergómetro en niños con parálisis cerebral, comparados a niños con parálisis cerebral en el grupo control o el grupo intervención, y que evaluaron la función motora gruesa con la GMFM. La revisión incluyó tres artículos y un total de 127 pacientes. Los resultados mostraron un aumento en los valores de la GMFM-66, pero no fueron significativos estadísticamente ni relevantes para una mejora clínica. Por medio de esta revisión sistemática, se verificó una gran heterogeneidad en los estudios sobre esta área y que, a pesar del incremento de valores en el grupo que realizó el cicloergómetro, no hubo diferencia estadística cuando comparado al grupo control, demostrando que no benefició la función motora gruesa de esa población cuando evaluada por la GMFM-66.


ABSTRACT Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that causes innumerable deficits, mainly related to motor function, compromising movements and their selective control. Among the various therapies available to try to soften this process, the cycle ergometer appears as a stationary apparatus that aims to facilitate the movement of the lower limbs. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effects of the cycle ergometer on the gross motor function of children with cerebral palsy by the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) scale. This was a systematic review, with inclusion of randomized clinical trials published until July 2017. The search was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), SciELO, and Embase. The Cochrane Handbook Scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the investigations. We selected articles that applied the cycle ergometer in children with cerebral palsy, compared to children with cerebral palsy in the control group or other intervention, and that assessed gross motor function with GMFM. The review included three articles and a total of 127 patients. The results have shown a not statistically significant increase in GMFM-66 values, not relevant for clinical improvement. This systematic review has found great heterogeneity in the studies addressing this area and, despite the increase in values in the group that used the cycle ergometer, there was no statistical difference compared to the control group, showing that it does not benefit the gross motor function of this population, when evaluated by GMFM-66.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Cerebral Palsy/therapy , Exercise Therapy/instrumentation , Exercise Therapy/methods , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Lower Extremity/physiopathology , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Motor Skills/physiology
7.
J. oral res. (Impresa) ; 8(1): 50-58, feb. 28, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1145267

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between some characteristics of primary dentition, and the frequency of parafunctional oral habits, with age and sex. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 227 preschool children. Subjects' parents or guardians were asked to sign an informed consent form. The epidemiological survey consisted of an oral examination and the application of a questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha=0.881), after calibration of a dentist (Kappa=0.932). To measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha was calculated, and for the associations, Mantel and Haenszel Square Chi-square test and likelihood ratio for contingency tables greater than 2x2 values were calculated. Results: Type 2 arch (72.7%), mouth breathing (26.0%) and onychophagia (17.2%) were the risk factors observed more frequently in the group under study. The type of arch was the only variable that was associated with sex (X2MH=4.443, p=0.035). Conclusion: A significant proportion of the subjects had at least one risk factor that may alter the development of dental occlusion; consequently, the implementation of preventive actions in this population must be considered.


Objetivo. Evaluar algunas características de la dentición primaria, así como la frecuencia de hábitos orales parafuncionales y su asociación con la edad y el sexo. Material y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal en una muestra de 227 preescolares bajo autorización expresa de sus padres. La encuesta epidemiológica estuvo conformada por el examen bucal y la aplicación de un cuestionario (alfa de Cronbach=0,881), previa estandarización de una Cirujana Dentista (Kappa=0,932). Para medir la fiabilidad del cuestionario se calculó el valor del alfa de Cronbach y para las asociaciones la Chi cuadrada de Mantel y Haenszel y el valor de Razón de verosimilitud para tablas de contingencia mayores de 2X2. Resultados. La arcada tipo 2 (72,7%), la respiración bucal (26,0%) y la onicofagia (17,2%) fueron los factores de riesgo que fueron observados con mayor frecuencia en los niños. El tipo de arcada fue la única variable que estuvo asociada con el sexo (X2MH=4,443, p=0,035). Conclusiones. Una proporción alta de los niños encuestados presentó al menos un factor de riesgo para alterar el desarrollo de la oclusión dental, razón por la cual debe considerarse la necesidad de aplicar acciones de carácter preventivo en esta población.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Tooth, Deciduous , Oral Health , Oral Hygiene , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Dental Arch , Habits , Mexico/epidemiology , Mouth Breathing , Nail Biting
8.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 29(1 (Supl)): 72-77, jan.-mar. 2019. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015121

ABSTRACT

Avaliar o impacto das crenças em saúde no controle da pressão arterial de idosos hipertensos em um município com elevado índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDHM), considerando sexo e classe social. Metodologia: O estudo foi realizado nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de São Caetano do Sul. Foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas por meio de questionário. Aferiu-se a PA para a identificação dos pacientes hipertensos controlados e não controlados. Utilizou-se escala de crenças em saúde com sentenças sobre crenças de barreiras e benefícios relacionados a cada um dos treze comportamentos de saúde referentes às medidas de prevenção e controle da hipertensão arterial. Realizou-se análise descritiva e razão de prevalência, considerando significância para p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: Observamos que a maioria dos pacientes aderiu ao tratamento, tendo noção dos benefícios de controlar os fatores de risco de hipertensão. Conclusão: Concluímos que os dados foram semelhantes entre homens e mulheres e a classe social impactou inversamente na adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso


To assess the impact of health beliefs on blood pressure control in hypertensive elderly patients in a municipality with a high human development index (HDI), considering sex and social class. Methodology: The study was carried out at the Basic Health Units of the municipality of São Caetano do Sul. Sociodemographic information was collected through a questionnaire. BP was measured to identify controlled and uncontrolled hypertensive patients. A health belief scale with judgments on the perceived barriers and benefits related to each of the thirteen health behaviors corresponding to hypertension prevention and control measures was used. A descriptive analysis was conducted and a prevalence ratio calculated, considering significance for p ≤0.05. Results: We observed treatment adherence in the majority of patients, who were aware of the benefits of controlling the risk factors for hypertension. Conclusion: We concluded that the data were similar between men and women, and that social class had an inverse impact on compliance with drug treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Health of the Elderly , Hypertension , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Medication Adherence , Observational Study
9.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 31: e214877, 2019. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1135909

ABSTRACT

Resumo Os métodos de avaliação dos serviços de saúde têm incorporado o relato dos familiares dos pacientes para a elaboração de indicadores de avaliação de resultados. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo, transversal, descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa, avaliou a satisfação e a mudança percebida pelos familiares dos pacientes de um serviço de atenção psicossocial em álcool e drogas. Adotou-se o referencial teórico-metodológico da Avaliação de Quarta Geração adaptado, coletando-se os dados mediante as técnicas de observação, entrevistas individuais com a aplicação do Círculo Hermenêutico-Dialético e entrevistas grupais. A avaliação da satisfação e da percepção de mudança dos familiares apresentou consenso dos participantes em relação à satisfação, considerada positiva, principalmente pelo serviço de proporcionar-lhes um espaço de escuta e oferecer-lhes orientações para compreender e lidar com os pacientes; e dissenso em face da percepção de mudanças observadas na vida dos pacientes, suscitando nos familiares o encaminhamento de pacientes para internação involuntária em instituições psiquiátricas.


Resumen Los métodos de evaluación de los servicios de salud han incorporado el relato de los familiares de los pacientes para la elaboración de indicadores de evaluación de resultados. El presente estudio, transversal, descriptivo y de abordaje cualitativo, evaluó la satisfacción y el cambio percibido por los familiares de los pacientes de un servicio de atención psicosocial en alcohol y drogas. Se adoptó el referencial teórico-metodológico de la Evaluación de Cuarta Generación adaptado, recogiendo los datos mediante técnicas de observación, entrevistas individuales con aplicación del Círculo Hermenéutico-Dialéctico y entrevistas grupales. La evaluación de la satisfacción y de la percepción de cambio de los familiares presentó consenso en relación con la satisfacción, considerada positiva, principalmente por el servicio de proporcionarles un espacio de escucha y ofrecerles orientaciones para comprender y tratar con los pacientes; y disenso frente a la percepción de cambios observados en la vida de los pacientes, suscitando en los familiares el encaminamiento de pacientes para internación involuntaria en instituciones psiquiátricas.


Abstract The methods of evaluation of health services have been incorporating the report of family members of patients in order to elaborate indicators of evaluation of results. The present cross-sectional, descriptive and qualitative study evaluated the satisfaction and the change perceived by family members of patients of psychosocial care service alcohol and drugs users. The theoretical-methodological framework of the adapted Fourth Generation Assessment was adopted, collecting data through observation techniques, individual interviews with the application of the Hermeneutic-Dialectic Circle and group interviews. The evaluation of the satisfaction and the perception of change of the relatives presented a consensus of the participants regarding the satisfaction, considered positive, primarily by providing them with a listening space and offering them guidance to understand and deal with patients; and dissent in the face of the perception of changes observed in the patients' lives, prompting relatives to refer patients for involuntary hospitalization in psychiatric institutions.


Subject(s)
Personal Satisfaction , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Psychiatric Rehabilitation , Perception , Family , Community Mental Health Services/organization & administration
10.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(5): 1459-1470, Mai. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890576

ABSTRACT

Abstract Scores to predict treatment outcomes have earned a well-deserved place in healthcare practice. However, when used to help achieve excellence in the care of a given disease, scores should also take into account organizational and social aspects. This article aims to create scores to obtain key variables and its application in the management of care of a given disease. We present a method called Epidemiological Planning for Patient Care Trajectory (PELC) and its application in a research of HIV pediatric patients. This case study is presented by means of two studies. The first study deals with the development of the method PELC. The second is HIV Pediatric case-control study based on PELC method. HIV pediatric research - the first practical PELC application - found these four key variables to the individual quality level care trajectories: adherence to ART, attending at least one appointment with the otolaryngologist, attending at least one appointment with social services, and having missed one or more routine appointments. We believe PELC method can be used in researches about any kind of care trajectories, contributing to quality level advancements in health services, with emphasis on patient safety and equity in healthcare.


Resumo O uso de escores preditores ganhou merecido espaço nas práticas de saúde. Todavia, quando usados para alcançar a excelência do cuidado, os escores devem levar em conta também aspectos organizacionais e sociais. O objetivo deste artigo é criar escores para obter variáveis-chaves e sua aplicação na gestão do cuidado de uma determinada doença. Apresentamos um método chamado Planejamento Epidemiológico de Linha de Cuidado (PELC) e sua aplicação em pesquisa com pacientes HIV pediátricos. Este estudo de caso é apresentado por meio de dois estudos. O primeiro, sobre o desenvolvimento do método PELC. O segundo é um estudo de caso-controle em pacientes pediátricos com HIV, realizado com base no método PELC. A pesquisa HIV Pediátrico - primeira aplicação do método PELC - encontrou 4 variáveis chaves para o grau de qualidade da trajetoria de cuidado do paciente: aderência ao antirretroviral; ter pelo menos uma consulta no otorrinolaringologista; ter pelo menos uma consulta com assistente social; e ter faltado uma ou mais vezes a consulta de rotina. Acreditamos que o PELC pode ser aplicado em qualquer tipo de linha de cuidado, contribuindo para avanços na qualidade dos serviços de saúde, com ênfase na segurança do paciente e na equidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Patient Care/standards , Health Services Research/methods , Appointments and Schedules , Quality of Health Care , Case-Control Studies , HIV Infections/therapy , Epidemiologic Methods , Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Outcome , Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data
11.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(2): 340-344, fev. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-895568

ABSTRACT

The agreement between the electrocardiographic waves measured from tracings recorded in right lateral recumbency and several other unusual body positions was assessed. Electrocardiograms were recorded in 160 healthy dogs in right lateral, left lateral, dorsal and sternal recumbencies, as well as in standing position. Considering the right lateral recordings as the gold standard, the lowest biases for the majority of ECG parameters were calculated from left lateral recordings, whereas the highest biases were documented from dorsal and standing positions. For the mean electrical axis, the dorsal recumbency produced the lowest bias, while the greatest one was identified in sternal position. An analysis of variance indicated differences when the means of P wave duration and amplitude, duration of QRS and QT, and mean electrical axis obtained in unusual positions were compared with right lateral. In conclusion, left lateral recumbency produced the most similar measurements as compared to right lateral, but the wide limits of agreement preclude the use and interpretation of these positions interchangeably.(AU)


A concordância entre a mensuração das ondas eletrocardiográficas a partir de traçados registrados em cães mantidos em decúbito lateral direito e em vários outros posicionamentos corporais foi avaliada nesta pesquisa. Para tanto, traçados eletrocardiográficos de 160 cães saudáveis foram registrados com os pacientes posicionados nos decúbitos lateral direito, lateral esquerdo, dorsal e esternal, assim como em posição quadrupedal. Tomando como padrão ouro os registros obtidos em decúbito lateral direito, as menores diferenças médias para a maioria dos parâmetros eletrocardiográficos foram obtidas a partir dos traçados registrados com o cão mantido em decúbito lateral esquerdo, enquanto as maiores diferenças médias foram documentadas nos registros obtidos nos decúbitos dorsal e quadrupedal. Para o eixo elétrico médio, o decúbito dorsal produziu a menor diferença média, enquanto a maior foi identificada no registro em posição esternal. A análise de variância mostrou diferenças entre as médias da duração e amplitude da onda P, duração do QRS e do intervalo QT e o eixo elétrico médico quando as posições não usuais foram comparadas com o decúbito lateral direito. Esta pesquisa mostrou que o decúbito lateral esquerdo produziu as medidas mais semelhantes quando comparado àquelas obtidas em decúbito lateral direito. No entanto, os limites de concordância amplos impedem que essas posições sejam utilizadas e interpretadas de maneira intercambiável.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Electrocardiography/statistics & numerical data , Electrocardiography/veterinary , Patient Positioning/veterinary , Analysis of Variance , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods
12.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 54(4): e00143, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001575

ABSTRACT

Although dispensing of medication has been addressed by theoretical models, studies that confirm the impact of this service are still needed. The objective was to evaluate the impact of a new model of medicine dispensing system on patients' medication knowledge, adherence to treatment and satisfaction. One hundred and four patients attending the dispensing service of a community pharmacy between 21 January 2013 and 20 April 2013 were included in this intervention study. The impact of the service on patients' medication knowledge, adherence to treatment and satisfaction was assessed by using validated questionnaires at two time points: at the moment of medication dispensing and 30 days thereafter by telephone contact. Statistical analysis was performed by McNemar's test, and a p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. The number of patients showing insufficient knowledge about medications decreased by 50% (p < 0.05), and the number of those showing sufficient knowledge was three times greater (p < 0.05) after medicine dispensing. A high level of satisfaction was observed. Improvement of medication adherence, however, was not observed. The proposed system model for drug dispensing improved patients' knowledge about medication and satisfaction


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pharmacies/classification , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Good Dispensing Practices , Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Community Pharmacy Services/supply & distribution
13.
Rev. salud pública ; 19(5): 686-690, sep.-oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-962057

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To test whether anchoring (a cognitive bias) occurs during face-to-face interviews to value health states by Time-Trade-Off. Methods 147 Colombian subjects (111 males, 36 females) valued five EQ-5D health states better than death during a face-to-face interview. Subjects were randomly assigned to two different starting points. Results Shapiro-Wilk test discarded normality, while non-parametric tests, including Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, showed that anchoring was significant in four out of five health states. A higher starting point increased the elicited value by 15 %-188 %. The size of the anchoring effect was not uniform among health states. Conclusion Anchoring effects may bias face-to-face Time Trade-Off valuations. The size of the anchoring effect is relevant enough for health policy.(AU)


RESUMEN Objetivos Comprobar si se presenta anclaje (un sesgo cognitivo) en las valoraciones de estados de salud por Time-Trade-Off realizadas en entrevistas en persona. Métodos 147 sujetos colombianos (111 hombres, 36 mujeres) valoraron five estados de salud EQ-5D mejores que la muerte en una entrevista personal. Los sujetos se asignaron aleatoriamente a dos puntos de partida distintos. Resultados El test de Shapiro-Wilk descartó normalidad de las distribuciones. Las pruebas no paramétricas de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y Wilconson-Mann-Whitney mostraron que el anclaje era significativo en cuatro de los cinco estados de salud. Un punto de partida más alto aumentaba el valor obtenido en un 15 %-188 %. El tamaño del anclaje no era uniforme en los distintos estados de salud. Conclusiones El anclaje puede sesgar las valoraciones por Time Trade-Off realizadas en entrevistas. El efecto es lo suficientemente alto como para hacerlo relevante en términos de política.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Status , Heuristics , Observer Variation , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Cost-Benefit Analysis
14.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(3): 807-818, mar. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-952592

ABSTRACT

Resumo As reformas iniciadas em 1996 pretendiam que as Administrações Regionais de Saúde (ARS) viessem a ter um papel relevante no processo de transformação de um sistema de saúde de modelo integrado num outro de modelo contratual. O instrumento essencial desta transformação viria a ser a Agência de Contratualização, instituída em cada uma das ARS. O seu papel na nova cultura de contratualização era de proceder a negociação de orçamentos prospectivos com as instituições prestadoras de cuidados de saúde, onde se incluíam os Cuidados de Saúde Primários. Este artigo realiza uma análise longitudinal da evolução de um conjunto de 9 indicadores de contratualização de cuidados de saúde primários, em três Agrupamentos de Centros de Saúde (ACeS), da Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo (ARSLVT). Verificamos que a fixação de metas, em sede de contratualização externa e a sua monitorização e acompanhamento são decisivos para que os profissionais de saúde definam trajetórias e objetivos de desempenho. Reconhecemos ainda, a necessidade de se reverem os indicadores de base, fazendo-os evoluir para indicadores de resultado.


Abstract Reforms started in 1996 intended that Regional Health Administrations (ARS) should play a relevant role in the process of transforming an integrated model towards a contractual health care model. The essential tool of this transformation would be the Contractualization Agency, established in each ARS. Its role in the new contractualization culture was to negotiate prospective budgets with health care institutions, which included Primary Health Care (PHC). This paper is a longitudinal analysis of the development of a set of nine PHC contractualization indicators in three Health Center Clusters (ACeS) of the Regional Health Administration of Lisbon and Tagus Valley (ARSLVT). We have noticed that the setting of goals, in terms of external contractualization and its monitoring and follow-up are decisive and help health professionals to define trajectories and performance goals. We also recognize the need to revise baseline indicators by developing them into outcome indicators.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Models, Organizational , Health Care Reform , Contracts , Portugal , Primary Health Care/economics , Budgets , Longitudinal Studies , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods
15.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 27(1 (Supl)): 20-24, jan.-mar. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847756

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os dispositivos de assistência circulatória mecânica (DACM) são sistemas auxiliares no tratamento de insuficiência cardíaca e choque cardiogênico não responsivos ao tratamento convencional otimizado. Essa tecnologia tem sido cada vez mais utilizada mundialmente. Assim, é relevante conhecer o perfil dos pacientes que a utilizam, suas complicações e desfechos. Objetivos: Caracterizar o perfil demográfico e clínico dos pacientes que utilizaram DACM não pulsáteis de curta permanência e descrever as complicações e desfechos relacionados ao seu uso. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal retrospectivo, desenvolvido em um hospital privado de São Paulo, SP, com os prontuários de todos os pacientes (n = 31) que utilizaram DACM não pulsáteis de curta permanência até maio de 2015. Foram coletados dados demográficos, clínicos, complicações e desfechos associados aos DACM e analisados com estatística descritiva. Resultados: Do total dos pacientes, 83% eram homens, com média de idade de 55 ± 17,4 anos. As comorbidades mais frequentes foram hipertensão arterial (41,9%), doença arterial coronariana (16,1%), dislipidemia (16,1%) e diabetes mellitus (16,1%). O DACM mais utilizado foi oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea (41,9%), indicado principalmente para IC descompensada (41,9%) como ponte para transplante (41,9%) ou ponte para recuperação (38,7%). As complicações mais comuns foram falência respiratória (22,6%), disfunção renal (12,9%) e sangramento (9,7%). Os desfechos mais frequentes foram óbito (45,2%) e transplante cardíaco (29,0%). Conclusão: Verificaramse o perfil dos pacientes e os resultados do uso dos DACM na instituição, o que pode subsidiar o direcionamento do treinamento da equipe de enfermagem para manejo seguro dos pacientes


Introduction: Mechanical circulatory assist devices (MCAD) are ancillary systems for the treatment of heart failure and cardiogenic shock that fail to respond to conventional optimized treatment. This technology has been increasingly used worldwide. Thus, it is important to know the profile of the patients who use it, and its complications and outcomes. Objectives: To characterize the demographic and clinical profile of patients who used short-term non-pulsatile MCAD, and to describe the complications and outcomes related to its use. Method: A retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study, developed in a private hospital in São Paulo, SP, with the medical records of all patients (n=31) who used short-term non-pulsatile MCAD up until May 2015. Demographic and clinical data, complications and outcomes associated with MCAD were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: 83% of the patients were men, with a mean age of 55±17.4 years. The most co mmon comorbidities were hypertension (41.9%), coronary artery disease (16.1%), dyslipidemia (16.1%) and Diabetes mellitus (16.1%). The most frequently used MCAD was extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (41.9%), mainly indicated for decompensated HF (41.9%) as a bridge for transplant (41.9%) or bridge for recovery (38.7%). The most co mmon complications were respiratory failure (22.6%), renal dysfunction (12.9%) and bleeding (9.7%). The most frequent outcomes were death (45.2%) and heart transplantation (29.0%). Conclusion: The patients' profile and the outcomes of the use of MCAD in the institution were determined, which can help guide the training of the nursing team for the safe management of patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods , Heart-Assist Devices , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Heart Failure/therapy , Health Profile , Comorbidity , Sex Factors , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Age Factors
16.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 31(1): 95-100, jan.-mar. 2016. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1538

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A avaliação de cicatrizes é uma ferramenta útil na análise de intervenções cirúrgicas e outros tratamentos, ao documentar sua eficácia e possibilitar avanços. Não há registro de escala padrão em português para avaliação de cicatrizes, e a Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) foi escolhida para tradução e validação por ter recebido as melhores avaliações em revisões e por contemplar também a percepção do paciente. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada a tradução da escala POSAS do inglês para o português. A tradução foi baseada em orientações da Organização Mundial da Saúde com permissão do autor principal da escala original. Antes de realizar o pré-teste, a escala traduzida foi enviada aos autores da escala original para análise, e ajustes foram realizados. RESULTADOS: A versão para pré-teste foi aplicada por três examinadores em cinco pacientes cada (n = 15), e dificuldades foram relatadas aos autores. Nenhuma alteração foi necessária durante o pré-teste. CONCLUSÃO: Apresentamos neste artigo o processo de tradução da POSAS, e sua validação está em andamento.


INTRODUCTION: The scar assessment is a useful tool in surgical intervention and other treatments by documenting efficacy and making possible to improve them. There is no record of a standard scale in Portuguese to scar evaluation, and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was chosen to translation and validation for having received the best evaluations in reviews, and because it contemplates the patients' perception. METHODS:We translated the POSAS scale from English to Portuguese. The translation was based on orientations from the World Health Organization, with permission from the main author of the original scale. Before the pre-testing, the translated scale was sent to the authors of the original scale for analysis, and adjusts were made. RESULTS: The pre-testing version was applied by three examiners in five patients each (n = 15), and difficulties were reported to the authors. No alterations were necessary during the pre-test. CONCLUSION: In this manuscript, we present the translation process of POSAS, and its validation is now in progress.


Subject(s)
Humans , Weights and Measures , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cicatrix , Review , Process Assessment, Health Care , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Evaluation Study , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Process Assessment, Health Care/methods , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods
18.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(3): 501-505, 2015. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1168

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O emprego de questionários de qualidade de vida (QV) tem se mostrado muito útil no sentido de dar maior objetividade à avaliação de resultados de tratamentos. A internacionalização desses instrumentos, por sua vez, permite a comparação interpopulacional, mas requer uma metodologia específica, a fim de não causar distorções devido a falhas na tradução ou a diferenças culturais. O questionário FOE (Facial Outcome Evaluation), de língua inglesa, é uma ferramenta de simples aplicação, com perguntas objetivas com boa aplicação para esse fim. O questionário já foi testado em relação à sua confiabilidade, validade e capacidade de resposta. OBJETIVOS: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente para o português brasileiro o questionário Facial Outcome Evaluation. MÉTODOS: Realizada tradução e adaptação cultural para a língua portuguesa, segundo a metodologia proposta por Beaton et al., na qual existem 5 estágios. Estágio 1 - tradução por meio de dois tradutores nativos de língua portuguesa. Estágio 2 - confecção de versão de síntese. Estágio 3 - tradução reversa por dois tradutores nativos de língua inglesa. Estágio 4 - revisão por um comitê avaliador. Estágio 5 - aplicação a uma população de 20 pessoas. RESULTADOS: O questionário foi traduzido e adaptado com sucesso, sem problemas de compreensão para a população final.


INTRODUCTION: Quality of life questionnaires have been shown to be useful to confer greater objectivity to the evaluation of treatment outcomes. In turn, the internationalization of these instruments allows the comparison of different populations, although it requires a specific methodology to avoid misinterpretations due to translation errors or cultural differences. The Facial Outcome Evaluation (FOE) questionnaire, translated to English, is an instrument that is easy to apply and is based on objective questions; therefore, it is highly relevant for this purpose. The questionnaire has already been tested in relation to its reliability, validity, and responsiveness. OBJECTIVES: To translate and culturally adapt to the Brazilian Portuguese version of the FOE questionnaire. METHODS: The questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted to Portuguese, according to the methodology proposed by Beaton et al., based on the following 5 phases: phase 1, translation by two native Portuguese speakers; phase 2, generation of a synthetic version; phase 3, reverse translation by two native English speakers; phase 4, review by an evaluation committee; and phase 5, application to a population of 20 people. RESULTS: The questionnaire was translated and successfully adapted, without comprehension problems in the final population.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 21st Century , Surgery, Plastic , Rhytidoplasty , Surveys and Questionnaires , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Evaluation Study , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Face , Facial Bones , Surgery, Plastic/ethics , Rhytidoplasty/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Face/surgery , Facial Bones/surgery
19.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 1042-1047, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-23736

ABSTRACT

The geriatric population is increasing, and asthma severity increases with age. We determined the predictors of asthma control, exacerbation, and the factors that affect asthma-specific quality of life (A-QOL) in elderly asthmatic patients. This was a prospective, multicenter, real-life study for 6 months with stepwise pharmacologic treatment based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guideline. A total of 296 asthmatic patients aged > or = 60 yr were recruited from 5 university centers in Korea. The improved-asthma control group was defined as the group of patients who maintained well-controlled or improved disease and the not-improved asthma control group was defined as the remaining patients. Fewer number of medications for comorbidities (2.8 +/- 3.3 in the improved vs. 4.5 +/- 4.4 in the control) and higher physical functioning (PF) scale (89.8 +/- 14.2 in the improved vs. 82.0 +/- 16.4 in the control) were significant predictors in the improved-asthma control group (OR = 0.863, P = 0.004 and OR = 1.028, P = 0.018, respectively). An asthma control test (ACT) score of < or = 19 at baseline was a significant predictor of asthma exacerbation (OR = 3.938, P = 0.048). Asthma duration (F = 5.656, P = 0.018), ACT score (F = 12.237, P = 0.001) at baseline, and the presence of asthma exacerbation (F = 5.565, P = 0.019) were significant determinants of changes in A-QOL. The number of medications for comorbidities and performance status determined by the PF scale may be important parameters for assessing asthma control in elderly asthmatic patients.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/administration & dosage , Asthma/diagnosis , Critical Pathways/statistics & numerical data , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Quality of Life , Reproducibility of Results , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Treatment Outcome
20.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 1145-1151, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-141023

ABSTRACT

This is the first study to investigate the influence of depression, anxiety and somatization on the treatment response for lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). The LUTS/BPH patients were evaluated with the Korean versions of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the PHQ-15. The primary endpoint was a responder rate defined by the total score of IPSS (< or = 7) at the end of treatment. The LUTS/BPH severity was significantly higher in patients with depression (whole symptoms P = 0.024; storage sub-symptom P = 0.021) or somatization (P = 0.024) than in those without, while the quality of life (QOL) was significantly higher in patients with anxiety (P = 0.038) than in those without. Anxious patients showed significantly higher proportion of non-response (odds ratio [OR], 3.294, P = 0.022) than those without, while somatic patients had a trend toward having more non-responders (OR, 2.552, P = 0.067). Our exploratory results suggest that depression, anxiety and somatization may have some influences on the clinical manifestation of LUTS/BPH. Further, anxious patients had a lower response to treatment in patients with LUTS/BPH. Despite of limitations, the present study demonstrates that clinicians may need careful evaluation of psychiatric symptoms for proper management of patients with LUTS/BPH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anxiety/epidemiology , Causality , Comorbidity , Depression/epidemiology , Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/epidemiology , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/methods , Prostatic Hyperplasia/epidemiology , Psychometrics/methods , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Somatoform Disorders/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome
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